Deck Building and Design Consultation 

At EMJ DECS we focus on designing and planning decks. The services could include:

• Site Assessment & Feasibility: Evaluating the site where the deck will be built, checking for space, slope, drainage, and structural integrity.
• Design Consultation: Helping the client choose a deck design that suits their space, style, and needs (e.g., a multi-level deck, a small patio deck, a pool deck).
• Material Selection: Consulting on various materials such as wood, composite, or PVC, and advising on which would best fit the client’s budget, style, and long-term durability needs.
• Budgeting & Cost Estimation: Providing an initial estimate of costs, including materials, labor, permits, and other expenses. Discussing possible cost-saving options.
• Regulatory Advice: Reviewing any local building codes and permits required for constructing the deck, ensuring the project complies with regulations.
• Timeline & Project Planning: Offering a timeline for project completion, including the stages of design, permits, construction, and finishing.

 

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1. Planning & Design

Define Your Purpose

Start by considering the purpose of your deck. Do you want a space for grilling and dining, or a quiet retreat to relax? The purpose will influence its size, shape, and location.

Choose Materials

Select the materials for the deck. Common materials include:

• Pressure-treated wood: Affordable and easy to work with, but requires maintenance (staining and sealing).
• Composite decking: Made from a mix of wood fibers and plastic. Low-maintenance and resistant to moisture, but can be more expensive.
• PVC decking: Made entirely from plastic. Extremely low-maintenance and durable but can be more costly.
• Hardwood (Ipe, Teak): High-end, durable wood with a premium look but may require more maintenance.

Design Considerations

• Deck Size and Shape: Measure the space and plan the size and shape of the deck. Ensure it complements the home and provides enough space for intended use.
• Level of the Deck: Will it be ground level, elevated, or multi-level?
• Access Points: Consider stairs, railings, and whether the deck will have access from multiple doors or windows.
• Building Codes: Check local building codes for deck height restrictions, railing requirements, and permits.

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2. Preparing the Site

Obtain Permits

Most areas require a building permit to construct a deck. Check with your local municipality to find out the necessary permits and approvals.

Mark the Location

• Use stakes and string to outline the area where the deck will be built. Ensure that the deck is level and positioned correctly in relation to your home.
• Ensure that the area is free of obstructions, such as large roots or rocks, that might interfere with the foundation.

Clear the Area

• Remove any plants, debris, or old structures in the area where the deck will be built.

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3. Installing the Deck Foundation

Footings

The foundation is essential for the longevity of your deck. Footings distribute the weight of the deck and prevent it from shifting.

• Concrete Footings: Dig holes in the ground at regular intervals along the deck’s perimeter and fill them with concrete. Concrete piers or Sonotubes (cardboard tubes) can be used to pour concrete footings.
• Deck Blocks: For smaller, ground-level decks, concrete deck blocks (sometimes called deck piers) can be used instead of pouring concrete footings.

Ensure the footings are level and properly spaced according to local building codes.

Install Posts

After the footings are set, install the vertical support posts. These will support the beams and decking material.

• Positioning Posts: Posts are typically spaced 6–8 feet apart, depending on the deck size and material. Ensure they are plumb (vertical) and securely anchored in the footings.

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4. Building the Frame

Install Beams

Beams run horizontally across the deck and support the weight of the decking. Depending on the deck’s design, you may need two beams or just one.

• Use treated lumber (typically 2×8 or 2×10) for beams, and secure them to the posts using metal brackets or hardware.
• Beams should be level to ensure that the deck is stable.

Install Joists

Joists are the horizontal supports that the deck boards will rest on. They should be spaced 12–16 inches apart (center to center).

• Attach the joists to the beams using metal hangers or screws. Ensure the joists are parallel to each other and that they are spaced evenly.

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5. Installing Decking

Laying the Decking Boards

Once the frame is built, it’s time to install the decking boards.

• Start at one end of the deck and lay the first board perpendicular to the joists. Secure the boards with screws, nails, or hidden fasteners (for a cleaner look).
• If you’re using composite or PVC decking, make sure to leave space between the boards for expansion (about 1/8 inch to 1/4 inch, depending on the material).
• Use a saw to trim the boards as necessary to fit the size of the deck.
• End Boards: When you reach the edge of the deck, use a trim board to finish the edges.

Gaps Between Deck Boards

If using wood decking, leave space between boards to allow for proper drainage and to prevent water buildup. Composite decking may not need as much spacing, but you should follow manufacturer instructions.

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6. Installing Railings and Stairs

Install Railings

If your deck is elevated, it will likely need railings for safety. Railings can be built with wood or metal posts and horizontal or vertical balusters.

• Attach the post sleeves to the deck frame first.
• Install the top and bottom rails securely to the posts, then attach the balusters between the rails.
• Depending on the style, you may opt for cable railings or glass panels for a modern, minimalistic look.

Build Stairs (If Applicable)

For decks with multiple levels, you’ll need to install stairs.

• Use stringers (the sloped framework of the steps) to support the treads.
• The stringers should be spaced about 10–12 inches apart.
• Attach the treads (the horizontal parts of the steps) securely to the stringers, ensuring that they are level and sturdy.

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7. Finishing Touches

Sealing and Staining

If you used pressure-treated wood, it’s important to seal and stain it to protect against weathering and UV damage.

• Use a high-quality deck stain or sealant for maximum protection. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions and allow the deck to dry before use.

Add Lighting and Accessories

Consider adding deck lighting for ambiance and safety. There are a variety of lighting options, including:

• Post lights: Mounted on the top of deck posts.
• Step lights: Installed on the side of stairs.
• String lights or accent lights for creating a cozy atmosphere.

Landscaping Around the Deck

Finish off your deck by landscaping around the perimeter. This could include planting shrubs, installing garden beds, or placing decorative elements like stone pathways or outdoor furniture.

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8. Inspect and Enjoy!

Once the deck is built and all finishing touches are complete, inspect the entire structure to ensure everything is secure and properly installed. Check the following:

• All fasteners and hardware are tightened.
• The deck is level and the stairs are stable.
• Railings are secure and meet safety standards.

Simple Steps to Process

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